Pdf cryptic diversity in the aspidiotus nerii complex in. This page was last edited on 22 december 2019, at 01. Aspidiotus destructor signoret, an armored scale pest new to the hawaiian islands1 johnw. Coconut scale, aspidiotus destructor signoret diaspididae the coconut scale, also called the transparent scale because of the semitransparent scale covering, is a relatively polyphagous diaspidid that is distributed widely in tropical and subtropical regions. Diaspididae and its primary bacterial endosymbiont, uzinura diaspidicola, annals of the entomological society of america, volume 107, issue 5, 1 september 2014, pages. Assessment of life history parameters of aspidiotus nerii. Aspidiotus nerii bouche with 325 hosts belonging to 120 plant families. Cryptic diversity in the aspidiotus nerii complex in australia article pdf available in annals of the entomological society of america 1036.
The oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii bouche, formerly a. In the united states, coconut scale has been recorded in connecticut, florida, georgia, hawaii, pennsylvania, and puerto rico nakahara 1982. Abstract the sex pheromone emitted by the female oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii homoptera, diaspididae, has been isolated and characterized as 1r,2scis2isopropenyl14. Aspidiotus destructor, the coconut scale, is a species of armored scale insect in the family diaspididae. It is no more than 1 mm long, with a yellowish body and blackishbrown appendages. The oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii, a diaspidid, polyphagous, and cosmopolitan species, is almost always present on. After login you can download the fulltext version of the following article. Molecular evolution of sexual and parthenogenetic lineages of. A new distribution map is provided for aspidiotus nerii bch. Aspidiotus paranerii aspdpnoverview eppo global database. The objective of this work was to study the biology, morphology and behavior of aspidiotus nerii bouche, 1833 hemiptera. A total synthesis of the oleander scale aspidiotus nerii bouche sex pheromone, the unique sesquiterpenoid containing a cyclobutane moiety of this class of compounds, has been developed.
While every effort has been made to provide the most reliable and uptodate information available, ultimate legal requirements with respect to species are contained in. Berlingers survey demonstrated that only on irrigated and fertilized plants was the scale density relatively high compared. The whitish covering of the insect is waxy and repels liquids. Pdf sex pheromone of the oleander scale, aspidiotus. Synthesis of the sex pheromone of the oleander scale. Ang aspidiotus nerii sakop sa kahenera nga aspidiotus sa kabanay nga diaspididae. The oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii, a diaspidid, polyphagous, and cosmopolitan species, is almost always present on jojoba in the sonora desert and on plants introduced to israels negev desert berlinger et al. Aphis nerii pdf adult apterae and immatures of aphis nerii are bright yelloworange or lemon yellow, with dark antennae. Aphelinidae, parasite d aspidiotus nerii bouche hom. Option 2 exdoc endorsement no 1488 1 the fruit in this consignment was produced in an area unaffected by mediterranean fruit fly ceratitis capitata. Pdf biological, morphological and behavioral aspects of. In the middle east ivy scale is a minor pest of carobs and olives.
Le role d aphytis chilensis hym aphelinidae, parasite d. Beardsley university of hawaii honolulu, hawaii thecoconut scale, aspidiotus destructor signoret, is distributed through out muchofthe tropics see commonwealth institute ofentomology pest distribution map218,june 1966. Pagka karon wala pay siak nga nalista ubos niini niya. Damage is due to sucking out plant sap, which reduces plant. An unusual sesquiterpenic functionalized cyclobutane, chemistry a european journal on deepdyve, the largest online rental service for scholarly research with thousands of academic publications available at your fingertips. Insects free fulltext unraveling the genetic structure. An unusual sesquiterpenic functionalized cyclobutane. Stereoselective synthesis of a number of other trisubstituted cyclobutane.
Mango twig showing discoloration from coconut scale, aspidiotus destructor signoret, infestation. Coconut scale aspidiotus destructor signoret insecta. Female scale cover approximately circular and exuvia either more or less central or towards one side, the scale cover nearly always translucent with pale yellow female body showing through, but cover may be more opaque beigebrown on different host plants. Coconut scale, aspidiotus destructor signoret, has an extremely broad host range, feeding on over 60 different families of plants. Three to four generations are born inside each year. Despite the fact that massive outbreaks of the coconut scale insect pest, aspidiotus rigidus reyne hemiptera. Aspidiotus nerii is a species of armored scale insect with the common names oleander scale and ivy scale the species are pests of citrus, sago palm, oleander, english ivy, and palm, among others. Aphelinidae, parasite of aspidiotus nerii bouche hom. Temperaturedriven phenology models are being developed to improve the timing of. C and two relative humidities normal 555 %, 19 and high 855 % on squashes.
New synonymies for two armoured scale insects hemiptera. Aspidiotus carpodeti maskell, 1885 references edit henderson, r. Aspidiotus perniciosus definition of aspidiotus perniciosus. The bright yellow colour of affected coconut palms is clearly visible from a great distance. Beardsley, in handbook of biological control, 1999. Temperature had an important effect on developmental rate.
Here, we examined the genetic diversity, structure and demographic history of a. Pdf first total synthesis of the sex pheromone of the. The consumption rate, survival, and developmental duration of the coccidophagous coccinellid rhyzobius lophanthae blaisdell coleoptera. Population features of biparental and uniparental forms of. Oleander scale is a sap sucking true bug that appears as a flat, oval, whitishbrown insects on leaves and stems of glasshouse plants. Coconut scale is present in nearly all coconut growing countries of the world. The pineapple scale coccus bromelice infests that fruit under bad cultivation. Gruwell, molecular evolution of sexual and parthenogenetic lineages of the armored scale insect aspidiotus nerii hemiptera. The sex pheromone emitted by the female oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii homoptera, diaspididae, has been isolated and characterized as 1 r, 2 s cis 2isopropenyl14.
Aspidiotus nerii, are the key pests of kiwifruit grown in new zealand. Diaspididae, is a pest in over 60 plant families and is found globally in tropical and subtropical areas davidson and miller 1990, bendov 2014. Aspidiotus nerii aspdneoverview eppo global database. We amplified and sequenced a 760bp fragment of cytochrome oxidase 1 and 2 coicoii from 59 individuals representing four.
Diaspididae to 2 improve the mass rearing of aphytis melinus. Cucurbita moschata, provided the best substrate for oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii bouche. Top of page aspidiotus excisus looks very similar to a. Sex pheromone of the oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii. Phylogenetic relationships and species delimitation inferred by ptp a and. Temperaturedependent development of chilocorus bipustulatus l. Aspidiotus perniciosus small east asian insect naturalized in the united states that damages fruit trees san jose scale armored scale insect.
Parthenogenesis in the aspidiotus nerii complex hemiptera. The male is winged 1 pair of wings, whitish membrane, and small. The diaspdidae are generally considered to be one of the most. Particularly important is the damage caused on lemon and olive trees and ornamental. Itaf, chemistry section, viale delle scienze, 90128 palermo, italy. Pp1 efficacy evaluation of plant protection products. Diaspididae under laboratory conditions 186 introduction turkeys citrus industry is important for its economy. All structured data from the file and property namespaces is available under the creative commons cc0 license. Coccinellidae, a predator of the armored scale insect, aspidiotus nerii bouche hemiptera. Technique of mass production of the predatory coccinellid, chilocorus nigritus fabricius on coconut scale, aspidiotus destructor sign.
The adults reach up to 2mm long, the immature stages crawlers are much smaller. Pdf cryptic diversity in the aspidiotus nerii complex in australia. An ishs user account is valid for ishs membership, payperview article downloads, abstract submission. Williams and williams, new contribution to the study of scale insects from brazilian amazonia homoptera. In olive crops, the presence of a single scale makes a fruit unmarketable. It was accidentally introduced into india at around 1910.
Aspidiotus nerii, a species of scale insect, is mainly a pest of citrus and ornamental plants. Itis taxonomy is based on the latest scientific consensus available, and is provided as a general reference source for interested parties. The developmental rate, crawler production and survival of a. The scale in turn was the host for mass producing aphytis lingnanensis compere, a parasitoid of the california red scale, aonidiella aurantii. Abstract the sex pheromone emitted by the female oleander scale, aspidiotus nerii homoptera, diaspididae, has been isolated and characterized as 1r, 2scis2isopropenyl14. Nov 28, 2015 this page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 01. Diaspididae on squash 14 introduction hemiptera species are important insect species that cause economic loses in citrus trees. In the middle east ivy scale is a minor pest of carobs and olives, but in other mediterranean countries, including cyprus but not egypt or israel, it attacxks olives and all species and varieties of citrus. However, it is particularly important where aesthetic value of the crop is high, for example, in cut flowers and ornamentals van driesche et al. This page was last edited on 15 september 2017, at 01. Chilocorus nigritus by gcms connecting repositories. The complete life cycle from egg to egglaying adult was 3435 days. Total synthesis of the enantiomers of aspidiotus nerii sex.
Aspidiotus nerii was reported to have uniparental as well as biparental populations brown, 1965. Synthesis of both enantiomers of the aspidiotus nerii sex pheromone and their diastereomers has been achieved using, as a key step, an intramolecular ester enolate alkylation reaction for the formation of the cyclobutane ring with a good control of the relative configurations of the asymmetric centers. Diaspididae are inflicting significant economic losses to the philippines coconut industry, little is known about the population and dispersal history of this invasive pest in the country. Files are available under licenses specified on their description page. Aspidiotus dysoxyli maskell, 1879 authority for current placement. In order to implement this sex pheromone as a new environmentally friendly tool to manage this pest, a more costeffective, multigram synthesis was required. The influence of pegnohylo and variety of the host plant olive has been studied in relation to the seasonal distribution of the. Temperaturedriven phenology models are being developed to improve the timing of insecticide applications against these pests. It is polyphagous and has been reported from hosts corresponding to more than 100 plant families.
Three species of armored scale insects including oleander scale aspidiotus nerii, are the key pests of kiwifruit grown in new zealand. The life history of a similar scale, aspidiotus destructor, was studied in fiji. Read first total synthesis of the sex pheromone of the oleander scale aspidiotus nerii. Henderson 2011 see web links tab live appearance and habitat. Aspidiotus nerii bouche, the oleander scale, is a nearly cosmopolitan pest that attacks 100 families of woody plants.
Pdf assessment of life history parameters of aspidiotus nerii. Aspidiotus nerii is a species of armored scale insect with the common names oleander scale. This armored scale was described by signoret in 1869 and appears to be native to south asia but has spread around the world, mainly on. This is a widely distributed pest of temperate fruits in himalaya. Particularly important is the damage caused on lemon and. Aspidiotus destructor signoret, an armored scale pest new. However, it is not a legal authority for statutory or regulatory purposes. Orange, mandarin, grapefruit department of agriculture. The synthesis of all possible isomers of the female sex pheromone of aspidiotus nerii is described using as key step an intramolecular ester enolate alkylation reaction for the formation of the cyclobutane ring with a good control of the relative configurations of the asymmetric centers. Coconut scale, aspidiotus destructor signoret hemiptera. Aspidiotus definition is a genus of armored scales including the san jose scale and several others that are very destructive to orchard trees.
Assessment of life history parameters of aspidiotus nerii hemiptera. Synthesis of the sex pheromone of the oleander scale aspidiotus nerii. Entire leaves may turn yellow to brown and fall, and fruits may be discoloured, stunted or fall prematurely. It is polyphagous and has been reported from hosts corresponding to more than 100 plant families 1. Aspidiotus perniciosus synonyms, aspidiotus perniciosus pronunciation, aspidiotus perniciosus translation, english dictionary definition of aspidiotus perniciosus. Aspidiotus definition of aspidiotus by merriamwebster. First total synthesis of the sex pheromone of the oleander scale aspidiotus nerii.
146 1551 1393 741 761 1413 439 1044 486 352 226 1056 1505 1419 1528 861 833 100 12 887 348 1291 935 689 139 325 134 1385 1441 954 109 473 881 502 1281 1024 541 1357 1056 916 126 167